The recently released 2023 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS 2023) reported a decline in discretionary food consumption compared with the previous NNPAS undertaken in 2011-2012 (31.3% versus 35.4%, respectively), and a concomitant reduction in free sugars (8.2% versus 10.9% of total energy) in the Australian population(1). The aim of this secondary analysis was to examine changes in consumption patterns of selected discretionary foods high in free sugars between the two surveys. Dietary data for both surveys were collected via 24-hour recalls; the ASA24-AUS in NNPAS 2011-2012, and INTAKE24, adapted for the Australian population, in NNPAS 2023. Published data tables on proportion consuming and per-consumer intake from the 2023 survey were obtained from the ABS website(1) and food categories and food codes were matched with the 2011-2012 survey using the AUSNUT Food Concordance List 2023 to enable direct comparison. Selected discretionary food categories high in free sugars such as sugar-sweetened beverages, cakes and cake-type desserts, frozen milk products, chocolate and chocolate-based confectionery, and other confectionery were compared between the two time periods. Day 1 data on proportion consuming (% of subgroup) and median per consumer intakes (grams per day) were analysed by age and sex subgroups for both surveys, and the absolute difference was calculated. Results showed a decline in the proportion consuming sugar-sweetened beverages across all subgroups, with greatest decreases in children aged 2-4 years (27%), 5-11 years (26%) and 12-17 years (22%), with adults reporting smaller declines ranging from 5% in 50-64 year-olds to 15% in 18-29 year-olds. Median intakes per consumer for sugar-sweetened beverages decreased among children by 80 g but remained relatively stable among adults (-16 g) across surveys. For other high sugar discretionary foods, more modest reductions were noted in the proportion of the population subgroups consuming chocolate and chocolate-based confectionery (3-11%); other confectionery (5-9%); cakes, muffins, scones and cake-type desserts (2-7%); and frozen milk products (2-9%). Median per-consumer intakes for these foods showed decreases for cakes, muffins and cake-type desserts (children 43 g, adults 31 g) and frozen milk products (children 11 g, adults 12 g) but increases for chocolate and chocolate-based confectionery among adults (6 g) and other confectionery (children 5 g, adults 16 g). In conclusion, these findings suggest consistent reductions in the proportion of the Australian population consuming high sugar discretionary foods over the past decade, with the greatest decline observed in sugar sweetened beverages. In contrast, the changes in per-consumer intakes were more variable, depending on food category and population subgroup. However, methodological differences between dietary assessment tools across surveys may contribute to the observed changes in consumption patterns and should be considered when interpreting findings between surveys.